http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/721 http://idea.library.drexel.edu/retrieve/4830 http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/721 Search the Channel search http://idea.library.drexel.edu/simple-search http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2774 Title: Visualizing Research Themes in Radiological Applications for Breast Cancer Detection, Diagnosis and Treatment <br/> <br/>Authors: Li, Guisu; McCain, Katherine Tue, 17 Jun 2008 15:59:40 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2756 Title: Mining and state-space modeling and verification of sub-networks from large-scale biomolecular networks <br/> <br/>Authors: Hu, Xiaohua; Li, Guangren; Yoo, Illhoi; Zhang, Xiaodan; Hu, Xuheng <br/> <br/>Abstract: The problem of mining undiscovered public knowledge from biomedical literature was exemplified by Swanson’s pioneering work on Raynaud disease/fish-oil discovery in 1986. Since then, there have been many approaches to mine undiscovered public knowledge from biomedical literature. This paper presents a semantic-based approach for mining undiscovered public knowledge from bio-medical literature. The method takes advantages of the biomedical ontologies, MeSH and UMLS, as the source of semantic knowledge. A prototype system Biomedical Semantic-based Knowledge Discovery System (Bio-SbKDS) is designed to uncover novel hypothe-sis/connections hidden in the biomedical literature. Using the semantic types and semantic relations of the bio-medical concepts, Bio-SbKDS can identify the relevant concepts collected from Medline and generate the novel hypothesis between these concepts. Bio-SbKDS suc-cessfully replicates Dr. Swanson’s two famous discover-ies: Raynaud disease/fish oil and migraine/magnesium. Compared with previous approaches, our method searches much less articles, generates much less but more relevant novel hypotheses, requires much less human in-tervention in the discovery procedure. Sun, 29 Oct 2006 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2755 Title: Recent patents in bionanotechnologies: nanolithography, bionanocomposites, cell-based computing and entropy production <br/> <br/>Authors: Layton, Bradley <br/> <br/>Abstract: This article reviews recent disclosures of bio-inspired, bio-mimicked and bionanotechnologies. Among the patents discussed is a nanoscale porous structure for use in nanocomposites and nanoscale processing. Patents disclosing methods for printing biological materials using nanolithography techniques such as dip-pen technology are discussed, as are patents for optimizing drug design. The relevance of these technologies to disease prevention, disease treatment and disease resistance is discussed. The paper closes with a review of cell-based computing and a brief examination of how information technology has enabled the development of these technologies. Finally a forecast of the how these technologies are likely to accelerate global entropization is discussed as well as a new classification of machine types. Mon, 29 Oct 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2754 Title: A comparative study of ontology based term similarity measures on PubMed document clustering <br/> <br/>Authors: Zhang, Xiaodan; Jing, Liping; Hu, Xiaohua; Ng, Michael; Zhou, Xiaohua <br/> <br/>Abstract: Recent research shows that ontology as background knowledge can improve document clustering quality with its concept hierarchy knowledge. Previous studies take term semantic similarity as an important measure to incorporate domain knowledge into clustering process such as clustering initialization and term re-weighting. However, not many studies have been focused on how different types of term similarity measures affect the clustering performance for a certain domain. In this paper, we conduct a comparative study on how different semantic similarity measures of term including path based similarity measure, information content based similarity measure and feature based similarity measure affect document clustering. We evaluate term re-weighting as an important method to integrate domain ontology to clustering process. Meanwhile, we apply k-means clustering on one real-world text dataset, our own corpus generated from PubMed. Experiment results on 8 different semantic measures have shown that: (1) there is no a certain type of similarity measures that significantly outperforms the others; (2) Several similarity measures have rather more stable performance than the others; (3) term re-weighting has positive effects on medical document clustering, but might not be significant when documents are short of terms. Sun, 08 Apr 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2753 Title: The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO survey: QSO clustering and the L-z degeneracy <br/> <br/>Authors: da Angela, J.; Shanks, T.; Croom, S. M.; Weilbacher, P.; Brunner, R. J.; Couch, W.J.; Miller, L.; Myers, A. D.; Nichol, R. C.; Pimbblet, K. A.; de Propris, R.; Richards, Gordon T.; Ross, N. P.; Schneider, D. P.; Wake, D. A. <br/> <br/>Abstract: We combine the QSO samples from the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ) and the 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO Survey (2SLAQ) in order to investigate the clustering of z 1.4 QSOs and measure the correlation function ( ). The clustering signal in redshift-space and projected along the sky direction is similar to that previously obtained from the 2QZ sample alone. By fitting functional forms to ( , ), the correlation function measured along and across the line of sight, we find, as expected, that , the dynamical infall parameter and 0 m, the cosmological density parameter, are degenerate. However, this degeneracy can be lifted by using linear theory predictions under different cosmological scenarios. Using the combination of the 2QZ and 2SLAQ QSO data, we obtain: QSO(z = 1.4) = 0.60+0.14 −0.11, 0 m = 0.25+0.09 −0.07 which imply a value for the QSO bias, b(z = 1.4) = 1.5 ± 0.2. The combination of the 2QZ with the fainter 2SLAQ QSO sample further reveals that QSO clustering does not depend strongly on luminosity at fixed redshift. This result is inconsistent with the expectation of simple ‘high peaks’ biasing models where more luminous, rare QSOs are assumed to inhabit higher mass haloes. The data are more consistent with models which predict that QSOs of different luminosities reside in haloes of similar mass. By assuming ellipsoidal models for the collapse of density perturbations, we estimate the mass of the dark matter haloes which the QSOs inhabit. We find that halo mass does not evolve strongly with redshift nor depend on QSO luminosity. Assuming a range of relations which relate halo to black hole mass we investigate how black hole mass correlates with luminosity and redshift and ascertain the relation between Eddington efficiency and black hole mass. Our results suggest that QSOs of different luminosities may contain black holes of similar mass. Sat, 02 Feb 2008 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2752 Title: The development of a biologically inspired propulsor for unmanned underwater vehicles <br/> <br/>Authors: Tangorra, James Louis; Davidson, S. Naomi; Hunter, Ian W.; Madden, Peter G. A.; Lauder, George V.; Dong, Haibo; Bozkurttas, Meliha; Mittal, Rajat <br/> <br/>Abstract: Fish are remarkable in their ability to maneuver and to control their body position. This ability is the result of the coordinated movement of fins which extend from the body and form control surfaces that can create and vector forces in 3-D. We have embarked on a research program designed to develop a maneuvering propulsor for unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs) that is based on the pectoral fin of the bluegill sunfish. For this, the anatomy, kinematics, and hydrodynamics of the sunfish pectoral fin were investigated experimentally and through the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. These studies identified that the kinematics of the sunfish pectoral fin are very complex and are not easily described by traditional “rowing”- and “flapping”-type kinematics. A consequence of the complex motion is that the pectoral fin can produce forward thrust during both its outstroke (abduction) and instroke (adduction), and while doing so generates only small lateral and lift forces. The results of the biological studies were used to guide the design of robotic pectoral fins which were built as experimental devices and used to investigate the mechanisms of thrust production and control. Because of a design that was based heavily on the anatomy of the sunfish fin, the robotic pectoral fins had the level of control and degrees of freedom necessary to reproduce many of the complex fin motions used by the sunfish during steady swimming. These robotic fins are excellent experimental tools, and are an important first step towards developing propulsive devices that will give the next generation of UUVs the ability to produce and control thrust like highly maneuverable fish. Thu, 28 Jun 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2751 Title: Sliding wear properties of HVOF thermally sprayed nylon-11 and nylon-11/ceramic composites on steel <br/> <br/>Authors: Jackson, L.; Ivosevic, M.; Knight, Richard; Cairncross, R. A. <br/> <br/>Abstract: Polymer and polymer/ceramic composite coatings were produced by ball-milling 60 μm Nylon- 11 together with nominal 10 vol.% of nano and multi-scale ceramic reinforcements and HVOF spraying these composite feedstocks onto steel substrates to produce semi-crystalline micron and nano-scale reinforced coatings polymer matrix composites. Room temperature dry sliding wear performance of pure Nylon-11, Nylon-11 reinforced with 7 nm silica, and multi-scale Nylon- 11/silica composite coatings incorporating 7-40 nm and 10 μm ceramic particles was characterized using a pin-on-disk tribometer. Coefficient of friction and wear rate were determined as a function of applied load and coating composition. Surface profilometry and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize and analyze the coatings and wear scars. The pure Nylon-11 coating experienced less wear than the composites due to the occurrence of two additional wear mechanisms: abrasive and fatigue wear. Sun, 29 Oct 2006 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2750 Title: The relation between national cultural dimensions and tax evasion <br/> <br/>Authors: Tsakumis, George T.; Curatola, Anthony P.; Porcano, Thomas M. <br/> <br/>Abstract: Although penalties and audits exist, tax evasion is a widespread phenomenon and continues to be a problem for many countries. National culture may contribute to a further understanding of intentional noncompliance across countries. In this study, we investigate the influence of national culture on tax compliance levels across 50 countries. Using Hofstede’s (1980) cultural framework as a basis for our hypotheses, we find that a noncompliant country’s profile is characterized by high uncertainty avoidance, low individualism, low masculinity, and high power distance. Our results have implications for both research and practice. This is the first study to employ Hofstede’s cultural framework as an explanator of international tax compliance diversity and serves as the starting point for the development of an international tax compliance framework. Tax policy implications also are addressed. Sun, 29 Oct 2006 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2749 Title: Determination of the effective zero point of contact for spherical nanoindentation <br/> <br/>Authors: Moseson, Alexander J.; Basu, Sandip; Barsoum, Michel W. <br/> <br/>Abstract: Accurate determination of the “zero point,” the first contact between an indenter tip and sample surface, has to date remained elusive. In this article, we outline a relatively simple, objective procedure by which an effective zero point can be determined accurately and reproducibly using a nanoindenter equipped with a continuous stiffness measurement option and a spherical tip. The method relies on applying a data shift, which ensures that curves of stiffness versus contact radius are linear and go through the origin. The method was applied to fused silica, sapphire single crystals, and polycrystalline iron with various indenter sizes to a zero-point resolution of ≈2 nm. Errors of even a few nanometers can drastically alter plots and calculations that use the data, including curves of stress versus strain. Sat, 29 Dec 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2748 Title: Validation of high gradient magnetic field based drug delivery to magnetizable implants under flow <br/> <br/>Authors: Forbes, Zachary G.; Yellen, Benjamin B.; Halverson, Derek S.; Fridman, Gregory; Barbee, Kenneth A.; Friedman, Gary <br/> <br/>Abstract: The drug-eluting stent’s increasingly frequent occurrence late stage thrombosis have created a need for new strategies for intervention in coronary artery disease. This paper demonstrates further development of our minimally invasive, targeted drug delivery system that uses induced magnetism to administer repeatable and patient specific dosages of therapeutic agents to specific sites in the human body. Our first aim is the use of magnetizable stents for the prevention and treatment of coronary restenosis; however, future applications include the targeting of tumors, vascular defects, and other localized pathologies. Future doses can be administered to the same site by intravenous injection. This implant-based drug delivery system functions by placement of a weakly magnetizable stent or implant at precise locations in the cardiovascular system, followed by the delivery of magnetically susceptible drug carriers. The stents are capable of applying high local magnetic field gradients within the body, while only exposing the body to a modest external field. The local gradients created within the blood vessel create the forces needed to attract and hold drug-containing magnetic nanoparticles at the implant site. Once these particles are captured, they are capable of delivering therapeutic agents such as antineoplastics, radioactivity, or biological cells. Tue, 29 Jan 2008 22:58:59 GMT